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camera lucida
This instrument was patented in 1806 by the English physicist and chemist William Hyde Wollaston , but owes much to the studies that were done on the human eye and visual field Johannes Kepler in the seventeenth century and also led to the creation of the camera obscura and therefore to the photo
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Camera Lucida was later modified by several authors, among them the changes made by JB Amichi, professor of mathematics at Modena Camera Lucida enables optical overlay image that looks and. the surface on which you are drawing, so that the artist can transfer the benchmarks of what you see on the surface of the drawing , getting a recreation fairly accurate perspective. to use it enough that the drawer facing the drawing surface through a provided optical chamber of a prism or mirror semi inclined transparent 45 degrees. the overlay paper can sometimes obscure vision image, so it is usual that the paper is black and it is drawn with pencil
This contraption enjoyed great success since its inception and its use soon spread between architects, writers and artists (mainly naturalists and botanists) who sought to represent reality as closely as possible Since its inception Wollaston defined it as" an instrument with which a person can draw in perspective. or copy or cut any sheet or drawing." These machines, which still survive today, were not considered at the time as a" trap" , but a tool to represent reality accurately.
It is believed that great artists like neoclassical painter Ingres used this such tools in the nineteenth century , is difficult if not explain the plot accuracy of his drawings, really small. without corrections Some authors such as David Hockney explained using lucid machine that Ingres was able making many drawings, so detailed and many dated the same day do you guys do think
